Big Game Season Structure

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An additional Parks and Wildlife Commission meeting has been scheduled for April 5, 2024. The agenda will include staff updates, public comments, and Commission discussion regarding Big Game Season Structure (BGSS).

BGSS will also be considered by the Commission at the May and June meetings. More information is available on this page and on the Parks and Wildlife Commission website. Please direct all comments about BGSS or related topics to the Parks and Wildlife Commission to ensure your comments are included in the record and provided to the Commission. You are encouraged to email your comments to the Parks and Wildlife Commission (dnr_cpwcommission@state.co.us) or sign up to attend a Commission meeting and provide your verbal comments. We are no longer accepting feedback through this page.



Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) has released its preliminary alternatives and staff recommendations for the 2025-2029 Big Game Season Structure (BGSS). Over the past year, CPW carefully considered various biological, social, and economic factors, as well as internal and external input received during its extensive public outreach process, when developing these BGSS recommendations.

The BGSS planning process is a critical component of big game management and big game hunting regulation development in Colorado and provides a framework for CPW staff to make annual license recommendations. The central purpose of the BGSS planning process is to determine what, when, and where various types of big game hunting opportunities are available, and to determine how the timing of opportunities are divided among hunters. Through this planning process, CPW is better able to maintain healthy wildlife populations in keeping with management objectives.


2025-2029 BGSS Staff Recommendations

  • Change to the previous season structure (2015-2019) for regular deer and elk rifle seasons.
  • Maintain the status quo for season structure for early seasons (archery and muzzleloader) for deer and elk west of I-25 and GMU 140; in addition, there shall be an additional stand-alone limited archery antlered deer season that opens August 15th and closes September 1st, annually. This season would be optional and determined on a herd-by-herd basis (DAU/GMU), allowing for regional flexibility. This optional antlered deer season would not replace existing antlered, either-sex, and antlerless deer archery seasons.
  • Over-the-counter (OTC) archery: Limit all resident and nonresident archery licenses - limited licenses to be available through the draw by management area (Data Analysis Unit (DAU) or Game Management Unit (GMU)).
  • OTC rifle: Maintain the status quo; keep unlimited licenses available for antlered elk during the second and third general rifle seasons in OTC units. Keep limited either-sex or limited antlered elk licenses available in remaining limited units. All antlerless elk licenses remain limited. Limited licenses issued by GMU/DAU.
  • Addition of an optional* rifle deer hunt during the first regular rifle season (currently elk only).
  • Addition of an optional* second regular rifle buck and doe pronghorn season.
  • A change to the BGSS cycle length was considered. CPW recommends maintaining the status quo of conducting a review of the BGSS every five years.
  • Administrative topics (cow moose): Optional late cow moose season that would be additional to the regular moose rifle season, and would be valid for all regular rifle deer and elk seasons (with no hunting during the breaks between seasons) when necessary to meet management objectives for moose.
  • Administrative topics (private-land-only (PLO) black bear): Modify the existing language to clarify that PLO rifle bear licenses are not required to be unlimited OTC for every population/DAU (managers could still choose an unlimited PLO OTC strategy).

*Optional: CPW staff would have the option to utilize this season as a tool to meet biological objectives (established in Herd Management Plans) and/or social management objectives; would be determined on a herd-by-herd basis (DAUs).


CPW will present these preliminary alternatives and staff recommendations to the Parks and Wildlife Commission at the March Commission meeting in Denver; staff are planning a three-step approval process, with the Commission making final decisions on season structure in June.


If members of the public are interested in providing a comment on the BGSS preliminary alternatives and staff recommendations, they are encouraged to either 1) submit a written comment to the Commission inbox (dnr_cpwcommission@state.co.us) to ensure their comments are included in the record and provided to the Commission or 2) sign up to provide a verbal comment at a Commission meeting.

An additional Parks and Wildlife Commission meeting has been scheduled for April 5, 2024. The agenda will include staff updates, public comments, and Commission discussion regarding Big Game Season Structure (BGSS).

BGSS will also be considered by the Commission at the May and June meetings. More information is available on this page and on the Parks and Wildlife Commission website. Please direct all comments about BGSS or related topics to the Parks and Wildlife Commission to ensure your comments are included in the record and provided to the Commission. You are encouraged to email your comments to the Parks and Wildlife Commission (dnr_cpwcommission@state.co.us) or sign up to attend a Commission meeting and provide your verbal comments. We are no longer accepting feedback through this page.



Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) has released its preliminary alternatives and staff recommendations for the 2025-2029 Big Game Season Structure (BGSS). Over the past year, CPW carefully considered various biological, social, and economic factors, as well as internal and external input received during its extensive public outreach process, when developing these BGSS recommendations.

The BGSS planning process is a critical component of big game management and big game hunting regulation development in Colorado and provides a framework for CPW staff to make annual license recommendations. The central purpose of the BGSS planning process is to determine what, when, and where various types of big game hunting opportunities are available, and to determine how the timing of opportunities are divided among hunters. Through this planning process, CPW is better able to maintain healthy wildlife populations in keeping with management objectives.


2025-2029 BGSS Staff Recommendations

  • Change to the previous season structure (2015-2019) for regular deer and elk rifle seasons.
  • Maintain the status quo for season structure for early seasons (archery and muzzleloader) for deer and elk west of I-25 and GMU 140; in addition, there shall be an additional stand-alone limited archery antlered deer season that opens August 15th and closes September 1st, annually. This season would be optional and determined on a herd-by-herd basis (DAU/GMU), allowing for regional flexibility. This optional antlered deer season would not replace existing antlered, either-sex, and antlerless deer archery seasons.
  • Over-the-counter (OTC) archery: Limit all resident and nonresident archery licenses - limited licenses to be available through the draw by management area (Data Analysis Unit (DAU) or Game Management Unit (GMU)).
  • OTC rifle: Maintain the status quo; keep unlimited licenses available for antlered elk during the second and third general rifle seasons in OTC units. Keep limited either-sex or limited antlered elk licenses available in remaining limited units. All antlerless elk licenses remain limited. Limited licenses issued by GMU/DAU.
  • Addition of an optional* rifle deer hunt during the first regular rifle season (currently elk only).
  • Addition of an optional* second regular rifle buck and doe pronghorn season.
  • A change to the BGSS cycle length was considered. CPW recommends maintaining the status quo of conducting a review of the BGSS every five years.
  • Administrative topics (cow moose): Optional late cow moose season that would be additional to the regular moose rifle season, and would be valid for all regular rifle deer and elk seasons (with no hunting during the breaks between seasons) when necessary to meet management objectives for moose.
  • Administrative topics (private-land-only (PLO) black bear): Modify the existing language to clarify that PLO rifle bear licenses are not required to be unlimited OTC for every population/DAU (managers could still choose an unlimited PLO OTC strategy).

*Optional: CPW staff would have the option to utilize this season as a tool to meet biological objectives (established in Herd Management Plans) and/or social management objectives; would be determined on a herd-by-herd basis (DAUs).


CPW will present these preliminary alternatives and staff recommendations to the Parks and Wildlife Commission at the March Commission meeting in Denver; staff are planning a three-step approval process, with the Commission making final decisions on season structure in June.


If members of the public are interested in providing a comment on the BGSS preliminary alternatives and staff recommendations, they are encouraged to either 1) submit a written comment to the Commission inbox (dnr_cpwcommission@state.co.us) to ensure their comments are included in the record and provided to the Commission or 2) sign up to provide a verbal comment at a Commission meeting.

Share Your Thoughts!

Let us know what you think about Big Game Season Structure and the possible OTC alternatives. Share your ideas and comments with CPW and see what others are saying. (All comments are public and subject to review.)

CLOSED: This discussion has concluded.

Colorado resident who hunts archery and rifle seasons. I would prefer our state to focus on the quality of hunts for residents like the rest of the western states. My preferred alternatives would be A5 and R5. With an increase in non-resident fees to account for loss of revenue. CO is already the cheapest, easiest to get elk hunt in the US. Quit giving up our citizenship privileges to those that don't live here.

elkhunter86 5 months ago

No question that there is a huge problem in this state with overcrowding especially in OTC units and an equally alarming issue with point creep. There is virtually zero chance for a new hunter (even a resident) to ever reach some of the more desirable units in the state. Preference point systems just don’t work without offering at least a small percentage of the tags in a random lottery to keep people engaged.

With that being said I support A5 and R5. As for residents, we HAVE TO STOP letting people collect a preference point AND also have an OTC tag. We should get one or the other.

jreed005 5 months ago

Colorado resident hunter here. With family and friends sprinkled throughout the Rocky Mountain west. I strongly support A5 and R5. Colorado’s population has doubled since I was born. With that we have a large influx of resident hunters who need to be taken care of first! When I hunt out of state it’s once every 4-10 years. And honestly those hunts are far superior to Co these days since it isn’t a free for all! Let’s make Co hunting the 1. In the west again but it should be great for residents before it is great for the rest of the country!

Goldenhunter47 5 months ago

I am a Colorado resident hunter and favor R5 and A5. There is no other western state that offers OTC elk licenses. My only chance to hunt out of Colorado is to build points and hunt infrequently. However, anyone in the world can come to Colorado and purchase a OTC elk license. And this is very obvious when I go hunting. Often, the NR cars outnumber the R cars 4 to 1 (and probably some of the CO plates are rental cars for NR hunters). It is crazy and unfair to residents. The percentage of NR hunters should only be 10-15% like in other western states. I am willing to pay more for tags if money is the deciding point. And I see no reason NR shouldn't pay more.

bobportmann 5 months ago

I am a Colorado hunter and resident of 23 years. My vote would be for A5 and R5. The number of tags overall needs to be reduced to let the Elk and Deer resources recover. I realize that the NR tags generate a lot of revenue, but the quality of hunting in Colorado has declined significantly due to over crowding and over hunting. I would prefer to pay more as a resident for a better quality of hunt. I think Wyoming has a good model with the General tag where residents get it with no caps, however they have one tenth of the human population of Colorado. The bottom line is that somehow the overall number of tags needs to be significantly reduced. Thanks.

rich.john 5 months ago

I'm a multi-gen Colorado native and have been hunting here my entire life. I've hunted most of the Western states. Some many times. I continue to travel out of state to hunt every year, and will continue to do so until I can no longer obtain tags. I have zero hard feelings towards non-residents and blame them for nothing more than trying to experience what it is I too love so dearly.

However, I am in support of options A5 and R5. The only reason I'm in support of reducing NR tags so significantly is because every other Western state already has. The resident hunting experience in Colorado is no longer a quality one. There are no other states for NR's to go and get a guaranteed elk tag anymore but ours. This really is a problem for residents. Colorado is everyone's backup if they don't draw a tag elsewhere. It's unfortunate we have to follow suit, as the rest of the West has led us to a point we must align ourselves similarly with their NR policies, or suffer as hunters without a true in-state hunting experience of our own.

Arrows4Elk 5 months ago

As a resident I would agree with either A4 or A5, and R4 or R5.

soloaaro 5 months ago

Allow residents to maintain a true OTC opportunity and restrict non residents to an OTC with caps that are unit specific. For non resident tag numbers, decrease slightly, but spread evenly throughout the hunting areas. This allows residents the opportunity to hunt frequently, to reduce hunter crowding, continue non resident OTC that still provides tag opportunity, and maintains funding through tag prices. To reduce crowding more but still achieve current funding, reduce non resident tags by 15 percent, but increase tag fees by the same percentage. This reduces crowding further and still allows for adequate funding.

Dbalsiger 5 months ago

Ultimately, I am most concerned about what is best for our wildlife. I do think that OTC licenses should be available for residents, so long as it is not a detriment to the animals. Limiting licenses for out of state hunters sounds like the best option for all seasons. Thank you for all that y'all do for our wildlife and our state.

emlomas 5 months ago

A5 & R5. As a lifelong resident I’ve seen the quality of hunting decrease dramatically in the last 40 years with more pressure & more crowding every year. I would suggest that Colorado set a non-resident quota at 15-20% like neighboring states. I understand that Colorado is an opportunity state for many but in order to protect herds for the long-term we have to draw a line in the sand somewhere.

Ekline81 5 months ago

I am a Colorado resident for over 30 years and have hunted every year.
There have been many changes over the years and number of hunters is the worst I have ever seen it.
The last 5 year season structure having the seasons a week later has been very destructive to the mature Bucks and Bulls. Bucks have been more vulnerable in multiple seasons rather than just the 4th season when everyone wanted to draw that tag when they were rutting.
With the mature bulls the later we hunt them with heavy snow and colder temps there much more vulnerable. That being said I would go back a week with all seasons.
As far as all the OTC tags go, residents should for sure have a priority in the state they live in. This is the way it is in every state except Colorado! Non resident tags in many units in Colorado for deer are easier to get than a resident tag. Minimum 80% resident and 20% non resident tag allocations and non residents should have to draw for all tags. Everyone that wants to hunt out west puts in for multiple states to hunt and when they do not draw ,Colorado is always there backup state. We need to stop that a the flood of non resident hunters in this state. Thanks

mattwhatley14 5 months ago

What difficult choices. What does the Commission hope to do? What has the most need?

Jim Vosberg 5 months ago

Been hunting Archery for 5 years as a Resident and the same amount of time for Rifle. I am quite clear on one thing: Options A1 (Status quo) is not sustainable and will continue to prioritize non resident hunters over resident hunters. A2 (statewide cap) doesn't provide enough flexibility to address the core issue. I've hunted several units OTC and there's been crowding in all of them. We've become the Elk Hunting destination state for way too many hunters and the problem is not going to get better as more time passes and additional hunters enter the pool.

There's a reason that literally no other state has such relaxed OTC rules. That said, I am a fan of options A3 - A6 and would be in favor of any of them. Flexibility to cap at the GMU level still provides flexibility in how aggressively we limit. Bottom line for me is the north star should be which solution improves resident hunting experience WHILE ALSO prioritizing doing the right thing for herd management?

It's not lost on me that these options will impact revenue for CPW. So I wonder, what does that potential loss in revenue actually translate to in terms of real impacts? What options exist for bridging the gap elsewhere? In any case, the revenue impact should not matter in the face of doing what's right for a healthy Elk herd that provides quality hunting opportunity for Residents first and non residents second.

ccsingle 5 months ago

I am a long time resident of Colorado an I support A5 and R5 and would be glad to pay more for a resident license to close the loss of revenue gap. I no longer hunt OTC units for any season because of the pressure and crowding from non-resident hunters.

tewilson 5 months ago

As a non-resident who applies for a muzzleloader either sex elk and a buck mule deer tag and ensures that I draw the tag every three years by buying preference points in the off years, I feel that the opportunity for residents vs. non-residents should be equal. Taxes paid by residents of Colorado aren't what truly supports the CPW, it's preference point and license sales. Residents don't contribute any more than I do to the cause of managing the wildlife resources of Colorado. Living in the northeast, I have no more opportunity or privelege than any out of state hunter who comes in and buys a non-resident license and tags. We should all equally share the resources and together enjoy the opportunity to hunt and harvest game and fish across this great nation regardless of where we call home.

edrobi 5 months ago

As a resident CO hunter for many years and seeing the increased pressure and point creep I have a few thoughts broken down by category.

Nonresidents
- No OTC or leftover tags for NR
- Align NR tag allocation for all species with other Western states (capped at ~15%), I believe that CO is > 30% with OTC tags, secondary draw, etc. Wyoming just lowered their NR tag allocation to 10% and had a hefty price increase to their NR elk, antelope, and deer tags.

wdgersch 5 months ago

I would be in favor of A5 and R5. We are the only Western State that gives almost 50% of our tags to nonresidents in some units. I also feel surveys for residents and non residents should be mandatory to get a better handle on hunting pressure. The over crowding is real in many of the Western Units. I don’t even waste my time anymore hunting OTC units as a resident due to too many people (most non residents). I understand the revenue obstacles this would create but the wildlife needs to be managed for herd health and safety concerns not money. I would also be in favor of doubling resident license costs in order to help with lost revenues of limiting non residents. We are dealing with a resource that is NOT infinite and it should be managed as such.

jd332001 5 months ago

Capping or eliminating Non-Resident OTC is needed to work towards restoring the quality of big game hunting experience on OTC. Status quo is the worst option. Every other state in the west has moved to limit non-resident numbers in some way and most of them have maintained options for residents to be able to hunt every year if they choose. This has shifted even more NR pressure onto Colorado and decreased the quality of the average OTC hunt. Caps and limits on non-resident participation can be adjusted to restore and then maintain average quality of hunting experience for all. Please prioritize residents and increase hunt experience quality for all.

jslove 5 months ago

As a resident...
limit them all -A6, R6.

Move to dau or gmu specific r/nr allocations.

Add a Wyoming style random draw allocation so you always have a chance.

Add a "draw or lose them" point cap.

Give preference to residents, or first pass at leftovers.

Ncoppolo 5 months ago

Resident OTC archery tags are one of the few ways mentor hunters can be involved with new hunters over the age of 18. Planning vacation time for actual hunting, along with weekend scouting, and regular archery practice, requires a considerable time commitment from every archery hunter.

The uncertainty of not knowing whether you may draw a tag until almost half way through the year will discourage resident hunters of all ages. Many of our lowest income hunters are also the same employees with the lowest work tenure. Often these employees have little control in selecting their earned vacation days. Most senior employees get first choice under most employment circumstances. The longer archery season, with an OTC option for residents, affords these new and experienced archery hunters the best opportunity to plan their limited vacation time around deer and elk hunting seasons. Success rates are low but the actual enjoyment of participating in this fall tradition is truly priceless. Archery resident OTC licenses should remain available to help retain experienced hunters while offering the lowest barrier possible for new, Colorado resident hunters to begin their love of Colorado's outdoors.

ColoradoElkHunter 5 months ago
Page last updated: 20 Mar 2024, 09:00 AM